From Prison to Archives – 72 Roeland St: 1847-1858

Ukusuka eNtolongweni ukuya kwiZiko loLondolozo lweeNkcukacha eziBalulekileyo – 72 Roeland St: 1847-1858

Van Gevangenis na Argief – Roelandstraat 72: 1847-1858

Early Cape Prisons

J 3963 – Treadmill (now demolished), Breakwater prison
J 3963 – Treadmill (now demolished), Breakwater prison

Punishment at the Cape under the Dutch East India Company mainly consisted of public spectacles of torture and death. Imprisonment as a penalty and the consequent establishment of prison systems in garrisons and administrative outposts in the Colony only came about under British rule at the beginning of the 19th Century.

By the middle of the 19th Century, British authorities felt that these early prisons had become insufficient in dealing with crime. An Ordinance was drawn up and a Board of Commissioners of Public Prisons was established in order to assess and rectify the state of prisons in the Colony. It was decided to build a new prison.

Iintolongo zokuqala eKapa

Phantsi kweDutch East India Company ikakhulu abantu babesohlwaywa ngokungcungcuthekiswa esidlangalaleni nokubulawa. Ukuvalelwa entolongweni nokumiselwa kweentolongo emikhosini nakumaziko olawulo emagxamesini eKoloni kwaqala ukuqala kolawulo lwamaNgesi ngeNkulungwane ye-19.

Malunga naphakathi kwinkulungwane ye-19 amaNgesi abona ukuba ezi ntolongo azanelanga ukujongana nohlobo lolwaphulo-mthetho. Bamisela i-Odinensi neBhodi yeeKhomishina zeeNtolongo ukuze ziphonononge, zilungise imeko yeentolongo eKoloni.

J 77 – The Old granary in Buitenkant Street, Cape Town which was utilised as a house of correction for female prisoners in 1827.
J 77 – The Old granary in Buitenkant Street, Cape Town which was utilised as a house of correction for female prisoners in 1827.

Vroeë Kaapse Gevangenisse

AG 873 – Gaol and Custom House, Buitenkant Street, Cape Town, 1832
AG 873 – Gaol and Custom House, Buitenkant Street, Cape Town, 1832

Strafregtelike teregstellings aan die Kaap onder die Nederlands Oos-Indiese Kompanjie het hoofsaaklik uit openbare skouspel van marteling en die dood bestaan. Gevangenisstraf en die daaropvolgende totstandkoming van gevangenisstelsels in garnisoene en administratiewe buiteposte in die Kolonie het eers tydens die Britse bewind aan die begin van die 19de eeu plaasgevind.

Teen die middel van die 19de eeu het die Britse owerhede gevoel dat hierdie vroeë gevangenisse ’n onvoldoende meganisme was vir die hantering van misdaad. ’n Ordonnansie is daargestel en ‘n Raad van Kommissarisse van Openbare Gevangenisse is gestig om die toestand van gevangenisse in die Kolonie te ondersoek en reg te stel. Die Raad het besluit om ’n nuwe gevangenis op te rig.

J 3960 – Breakwater prison (built in 1860 to house British convicts working on the Breakwater which led to the building of the harbour) Portswood Road, Green Point
J 3960 – Breakwater prison (built in 1860 to house British convicts working on the Breakwater which led to the building of the harbour) Portswood Road, Green Point
E8519- View of Cape Town with Roeland Street Prison in the foreground
E8519- View of Cape Town with Roeland Street Prison in the foreground

CCP 6/3/1/7 – Ordinance (no. 24 of 1847) for Improving the Gaols of the Colony

In collaboration with the Western Cape Archives and Records Service

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